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Moura Budberg
Maria Ignatievna Budberg ((ロシア語:Мария (Мура) Игнатьевна Закревская-Бенкендорф-Будберг), ''Maria (Moura) Ignatievna Zakrevskaya-Benckendorff-Budberg''), also known variously as Countess Benckendorff, Baroness Budberg (c. 1891 – November 1974), born in Poltava, was the daughter of a Ukrainian tsarist nobleman and diplomat. As a glamorous beauty she was the mistress to prominent men on both sides of the east-west divide. As an adventuress and double agent she worked for the British Intelligence Service during a plot to assassinate Lenin in 1918. and the OGPU (working directly for the Genrikh Yagoda, who was the chief of the Soviet secret service in the 1930s, at the beginning of the "Great Purge").〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Последняя страсть Максима Горького Мария Будберг )〕
==Early life==
Maria Ignatievna Zakrevskaya was born into a Ukrainian czarist family family in 1892. Her father, Ignaty Platonovitch Zakrevsky (1841–1905), was a high-ranking lawyer for the Tsar and a Russian Senate official. She grew up politically liberal, culturally sophisticated and a devoted Anglophile. Moura, as she was affectionately known, enjoyed a privileged youth, dancing in the presence of Nicholas II at Potsdam and going on to contract a marriage at 18 with count Djon von Benckendorff, a Baltic German aristocrat. He ran an estate in Estonia on the Russian borderlands, where they owned the manor house called Jendel in Jäneda. During the October Revolution, Benckendorff fled to his estate in German-controlled Estonia and there he was to be shot dead in 1918 in murky circumstances, while she was away in St Petersburg. Moura worked as a translator in the propaganda office of the British embassy, which was packed with agents of the Secret Intelligence Service. Through these contacts she met Bruce Lockhart. The British Prime Minister Lloyd George had send him to Russia in a semi-official capacity to see if a deal could be done with the Bolsheviks, with the ultimate goal of thwarting German interests. Like everyone else, Lockhart fell for Moura. Unlike everyone else, his affection was fully reciprocated. They spent their evenings riding in sleighs along the banks of the Neva and their relationship became more serious as the political situation deteriorated. Lockhart began to realise that Trotsky and Lenin were stringing him along and he resolved to take matters into his own hand, fomenting coups and funding plots.
In 1921, Moura gained the title of ‘Baroness’ 1922 through her second husband, another Baltic German aristocrat, baron Nikolai von Budberg-Bönningshausen. By time both M15 and the Bolsheviks’ secret intelligence service – the Cheka – had opened files on her. Baron Budberg was soon discarded: the title never was. She left him in 1923 and took a post as secretary in the Russian Embassy in Berlin, Germany.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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